TCM LLM · Datasets
TCM LLM datasets
Public datasets for training and evaluating TCM LLMs: instruction data, case QA, formulas, classical corpora, and benchmarks.
TCM-RobustSDT
TCM-RobustSDT: a robustness benchmark dataset for LLM clinical reasoning in TCM (Figshare).
HSQ-TD（健身气功指令微调数据集）
HSQ-TD: the first instruction-tuning dataset for health Qigong/wellness, with 57,843 instructions distilled from official textbooks and professional literature (ScienceDB).
TongueDx
Public remote-tongue dataset: 5,109 images from 4,650 subjects, eight binary attributes (pale, red tip/side, red spots, ecchymosis, cracks, tooth marks, thick fur, yellow fur), plus age and sex. The repository is downloadable. This is not the later TongueDx2 ablation paper.
内蒙古自治区民族药目录
Public ethnic-medicine catalogue PDF from the Inner Mongolia Healthcare Security Administration, mainly finished Mongolian formulas. The government filename is dated 25 December 2023. The extracted text is titled the Inner Mongolia ethnic-medicine catalogue and notes that listed drugs are managed as class B. It is a reimbursement list, not a research compound database. The 2026 Mongolian-medicine knowledge-base launch has no open platform URL.
傣药基原植物数据库
Dai medicinal-plant source database on the Chinese Union of Botanical Gardens platform, from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, CAS. The home page is copyrighted 2018 and describes Dai medicine’s four towers, five aggregates, and antidote theory. The species-list URL returns a redirect notice, and no anonymously browsable species catalogue was confirmed.
Sowa Rigpa Materia Medica Dataset
Open Data in Brief table of Latin identifications for commonly used Sowa Rigpa materia medica. The paper says about 700 commonly used items were selected from the Four Medical Treatises and Gawé Dorjé’s classification, with Tibetan script, Wylie transliteration, and Latin names; the supplement is published with the article. Affiliations include the School of Tibetan Medicine at Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, the College of Pharmacy at Qinghai Nationalities University, and the ethnic-medicine center at Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
藏药材资源数据库
Tibetan materia-medica list published by the Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research at the CAS Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology. The page is a table of Chinese name, Latin name, drug name, and part used, and it states that there are 15 pages. Entry paths are dated March–April 2022. It is a crude-drug list, not a compound–target database.
KMCRIC
Data portal of the Korean Medicine Convergence Research Information Center at Kyung Hee University. The data-center page lists an evidence-based Korean-medicine literature set of systematic reviews, RCTs, and mechanism studies published since 2010; an herb-interaction set based on Natural Standard; acupoint videos made from the 2008 WHO Western Pacific standard locations; and a crude-drug update built with the Kyung Hee and Chungbuk pharmacy faculties. The director’s biography says the directorship began in 2013.
韩医药素材银行药材目录 (KMMB)
Searchable crude-drug holdings of the Korean Medicine Material Bank at the National Institute for Korean Medicine Development. The open herb page reports 691 results, with name, synonym, scientific name, botanical source, and reacting enzymes. An institute project file records that the bank was formed on 1 January 2016 by merging the natural-substance bank and the herbal biomaterial bank.
KTKP Traditional Medicine
Korean-medicine slice of the Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, run for the Ministry of Intellectual Property. The English introduction says the database was compiled from traditional Korean medicine literature in 2005–2007 and opened for search in December 2007. The same page currently counts 5,500 herbs, 7,103 prescriptions, and 12,500 diseases, linked to effects, indications, formulas, and patent classes.
ETHMEDmmm
Ethnomedicine specimen database of the Museum of Materia Medica at the University of Toyama. The home-page table lists 461 kinds and 8,942 Japanese–Chinese crude-drug specimens, opened in Japanese in April 2000. The same site also has an English crude-drug list and separate Unani, Thai, Ayurvedic, and Indonesian collections. The latest note is a version-7 rebuild on 30 March 2018.
EKAT
Evidence Reports of Kampo Treatment, a structured-abstract database from the Japan Society for Oriental Medicine EBM committee. The site says it has been free and updated since 2007. It covers RCTs and meta-analyses of Kampo products still on the market, limited to reports since 1986 that used the same quality as marketed products; decoctions are excluded because product quality is unknown. Japanese and English editions are provided, and the Association of Korean Medicine has a Korean translation.
药用植物综合信息数据库 (MPDB)
Comprehensive medicinal-plant database of the NIBIOHN Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources. The home page describes medicinal plants, crude drugs, constituents and genes, cultivation, and internal morphology, plus measured data for representative crude drugs in Japanese circulation. The footer copyright is 2012–2025, funded by a MHLW research grant. Separate Kampo-formula and Japanese Pharmacopoeia crude-drug lists are online.
KampoDB
Kampo mechanism database maintained by the Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama. It links formulas, crude drugs, natural compounds, and target proteins, including known interactions and docking predictions. The about page currently lists 298 Kampo formulas, 180 crude drugs, 3,002 natural compounds, 62,906 proteins or genes, and 3,063,505 docking results. The 2018 Scientific Reports paper is the citation; the site news records a renewal on 15 July 2021.
TradMPD
Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Database at the University of Toyama Institute of Natural Medicine. The English about page says it was supported by a MEXT regional innovation cluster grant for 2008–2012. It covers crude-drug identity, properties, Kampo composition and indications, and more than 10,000 Kampo papers. The Wakanyaku Library holds nearly 80 compounds plus chemical and bioassay data for hot-water extracts of 80 crude drugs and 80 Kampo extracts, with bioassay downloads from 2024.
中药方剂图像数据库
Formula image library from the School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, openly browsing composition, actions, indications, and images. The browse page shows about 182 formulas, and the public counter starts in November 2017. It is an online reference, not a bulk formula-table download.
中药材图像数据库
Chinese medicinal-material image library from the School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University. The library page states more than 420 commonly used crude drugs, with source, origin, morphology, properties, indications, and high-resolution images, searchable by Chinese, Latin, and English names. It has been online since 2013 and is openly browsable, not a bulk download.
TCMSSD
Syndrome-standardization database reported by authors at Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. The paper reports 624 syndromes, 133,518 prescriptions, 8,073 diseases, 8,259 herbs, 43,413 ingredients, and 17,602 targets. The site opens and its front-end script contains syndrome and TCMSSD content; without JavaScript the page is empty. No full-database download entry was found.
TCMPG 2.0
Traditional Chinese medicine plant-genome database maintained by Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and collaborators. The current homepage lists 274 plants, 324 genomes, 414 herbs, and 13,809 ingredients, with BLAST, JBrowse, and other tools. A 2024 paper describes the 2.0 upgrade. The site is open for browsing and analysis; a full packaged dump was not verified.
本草典开放数据
Bilingual TCM seed data from the Bencao Dian editorial group, released under CC BY-SA 4.0 as directly downloadable JSON. Version 1, generated on 17 April 2026, lists 365 herb records, 112 formulas, 84 patterns, and 208 acupoints, plus meridians, tongue and pulse entries, and a relation graph. A coverage note on the same page says 335 of about 530 standard materia medica items are included. This is an editorial vocabulary, not a national standard.
SoFDA
Syndrome-ontology platform built by the Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, CACMS, and collaborators. The iMeta 2023 paper describes 319 curated syndromes, 8,045 diseases, and 1,359 formulas, linked to genes, diseases, and formulas. The paper page checks out; the front page currently shows no readable syndrome content. It shares the tcmip.cn host with ETCM but is a separate syndrome system. No anonymous full-database mirror was found.
GB/T 16751.3-2023
Current national standard Clinic terminology of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and treatment — Part 3: Therapeutic methods, issued and effective on 17 March 2023. The official full-text disclosure system offers online preview and download. This is the therapeutic-method standard page, not a separate vocabulary dump.
GB/T 16751.2-2021
Current national standard Clinic terminology of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and treatment — Part 2: Syndromes/patterns, issued and effective on 26 November 2021. The official full-text disclosure system offers online preview and download. This is the syndrome-terminology standard page, not a separate vocabulary dump.
GB/T 16751.1-2023
Current national standard Clinic terminology of traditional Chinese medical diagnosis and treatment — Part 1: Diseases, issued and effective on 17 March 2023, under the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The official full-text disclosure system offers online preview and download. Syndrome and therapeutic-method parts have their own full-text pages.
GB/T 15657-2021
Current Chinese national standard Classification and codes of diseases and patterns of traditional Chinese medicine, issued and effective on 11 October 2021, replacing GB/T 15657-1995, under the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The official full-text disclosure system offers online preview and download. This is the standard page, not a standalone machine-readable code package.
GB/T 12346-2021
Current Chinese national standard Nomenclature and location of meridian points, issued and effective on 26 November 2021, under the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The official full-text disclosure system offers online preview and download. This is the standard page, not a separately packaged acupoint table.
WHO西太区标准穴位定位
WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific standard for acupuncture point locations, published in 2008 and reprinted in 2009. The IRIS record states the surface-location method and 361 points for teaching, research, clinical service, publication, and academic exchange, and provides the English PDF. Experts from China, Japan, and Korea joined the location consensus. The record page is public.
ICD-11传统医学章节
Official WHO explanation of the ICD-11 supplementary chapter Traditional Medicine Conditions. The chapter is for optional dual coding of morbidity and is not used for mortality. Module I covers traditional-medicine conditions that originated in ancient China and are now used in China, Japan, Korea, and elsewhere. This page explains the chapter; the codes themselves are read in the ICD-11 browser. The page is public.
国家中医药古籍数字图书馆
Ancient-book and traditional-knowledge portal started in 2022 by the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, CACMS. It has halls for classical texts, Republican-era documents, and bibliographic catalogs, and links out to reading systems including Guoyi Diancang. The portal opens; full text is reached through the sub-libraries and is not a public bulk download.
中华医典
Commercial sales site (Feixiong Technology) for the Zhonghua Yidian electronic collection. The site states 1,156 classical titles and about 450 million characters, a 2000 national electronic-publication nomination, and Qiu Peiran as editorial reviewer and title writer. Edition 6 is a web version used after purchase and registration, not a public download.
国医典藏
Image-and-text library of historical Chinese medical books from the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine and its library, CACMS. The current entry is the version-4 site. Public descriptions put the holdings at roughly 2,500 to 3,000 titles from pre-Qin through the late Qing and Republican periods, with basic, advanced, and controlled-vocabulary search and image-text viewing. Access is by campus network or registration, not a public bulk download.
中医药知识服务平台
Knowledge-service homepage maintained by the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, CACMS, for search, knowledge graphs, and disease profiles. A related about page from the same institute says that, starting in 2019, it built a professional TCM knowledge service for the China Knowledge Centre for Engineering Sciences and Technology, bringing together diseases, formulas, herbs, and literature. The homepage opens; campus trial notes require registration on an institutional network, and no public bulk download was found.
古今医案云平台
Case search, structuring, and mining platform of the Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. An institute news item on 2026-09-20 states that the current resource holds more than 1.1 million structured historical and modern cases, plus 19.63 million analysis records, with about 53,000 registered users. Registration or institutional login is required, and no public bulk download was found. Some campus trial notes still say about 500,000 cases.
OASIS (KIOM)
KIOM traditional-medicine literature portal for Korean-medicine papers and herbal resources.
Korean Medicine Embedding Dataset
Query–positive–negatives (~113k pairs) built from Korean-medicine terms and an ontology, for embedding fine-tunes such as BGE-M3.
KNApSAcK KAMPO
NAIST Kampo public database (~1,581 formulas, 278 crude drugs), downloadable from the NBDC life-science archive.
webMedQA
Early Chinese non-factoid medical QA from health-consult sites (~63k questions, one positive and four negative answers each).
IMCS-21
About 4,116 pediatric online consults annotated for entities, intents, symptoms, and reports; later wired into four CBLUE dialogue tasks.
CBLUE
Chinese biomedical NLU benchmark (NER, relations, diagnosis normalization, classification); the source-task suite behind PromptCBLUE, with a Tianchi submission portal.
CMeKG
Chinese medical knowledge graph of diseases, drugs, and symptoms; main source for BenCao/HuaTuo and ChatGLM-Med instruction data. Official portal is unstable; verify via the tools repo.
MedDialog
Large doctor–patient dialogue corpus (about 1.1M Chinese encounters) used for multi-turn Chinese medical fine-tuning.
cMedQA2
Chinese community medical QA (~108k questions / 200k answers), a common source for BianQue-style SFT mixtures.
cMedQA
Chinese community medical QA-matching set (repo table ~54k questions / 102k answers; non-commercial research). Paper DOI matches the README; see cMedQA2 for the later release.
ChiMed (Qilin)
Qilin-Med's ~3GB Chinese medical corpus (CPT/SFT/DPO); not the same resource as the ChiMed 2.0 pretraining set.
DISC-Med-SFT
Fudan DISC medical-dialogue SFT set (~470k examples from KG triples and reconstructed consults; no preference data).
PromptCBLUE
CBLUE's 16 Chinese medical NLP tasks rewritten as generative instructions; an early unified Chinese medical LLM leaderboard (CCKS 2023).
Huatuo-26M
Largest open Chinese medical QA resource (~26M pairs from encyclopedias, KGs, and consults); Huatuo-Lite is the usual SFT/RAG subset.
CMExam
Chinese medical licensing-exam set (~68k annotated items) used as a knowledge-recall baseline by Chinese medical and TCM LLMs.
CMB
FreedomIntelligence comprehensive Chinese medical benchmark (CMB-Exam ~280k items plus CMB-Clin cases); the most common non-TCM comparison board in TCM LLM papers.
TM-MC
KIOM literature-derived Northeast Asian medicinal-material–compound database; the 2015 release covers ~536 materials, and the 2024 2.0 paper expands to ~34k compounds. Official site currently times out.
CVDHD
Cardiovascular herbal database of 3D compound structures, targets, and pathways for virtual screening and network pharmacology. Original Peking University site currently times out.
TCMGeneDIT
Text-mined associations among TCM, genes, diseases, effects, and ingredients, with pathway and PPI links. Official NTU site no longer resolves.
TCM-Mesh
Herb–compound–gene–disease network with toxicity/side-effect records (~6,235 herbs). Official portal currently returns 403; verify via the open paper.
TCMAnalyzer
RCDD chemo-/bioinformatics service for formula/herb/ingredient networks and scaffold search (~1,493 formulas, 618 herbs). Official rcdd.org.cn currently times out.
SuperTCM
Charité biocultural TCM resource linking drugs, botanical species, ingredients, targets, KEGG pathways, and diseases (~6,516 drugs). Official tcm.charite.de no longer resolves.
CMAUP
BIDD landscape of multi-target activities, pathways, and diseases for useful plants including TCM herbs; 2024 update, downloadable from the official site.
DCABM-TCM
Literature-mined blood constituents and metabolites of TCM prescriptions and herbs, with experimental detection conditions (~1,816 structured absorbed constituents).
ITCM
Integrated formula/herb/ingredient/target platform plus 1,488 pharmacotranscriptomic profiles for 496 TCM ingredients (expression data also on Synapse).
TCMBank
Large downloadable herb–ingredient–target–disease resource with literature-mining updates after manual checks.
YaTCM
About 1,813 prescriptions, 6,220 herbs, and 47k natural products with target/pathway tools. Nankai site currently returns 403; verify via the open-access paper.
CEMTDD
Ethnic-minority herbal–compound–target–disease resource (~621 herbs, mainly Uygur/Kazakh). Original cemtdd.com now hosts something else; verify via the PMC paper.
TCMIO
Immuno-oncology TCM database of prescriptions, herbs, ingredients, targets, and pathways, with downloads and a REST API.
LTM-TCM
Symptom–prescription–plant–ingredient–target platform linking 14 source databases plus clinical and classical records (~48k formulas). Official Tasly cloud no longer resolves; verify via the paper DOI.
HIT 2.0
Manually curated herbal-ingredient–target activity pairs (~1,237 ingredients / 2,208 targets, 2000–2020 literature). Portal opens; the analysis backend port is currently down (marked site issue).
TCM Database@Taiwan
About 20k isolated-compound 2D/3D structures from 453 TCM materials for virtual screening. Original tcm.cmu.edu.tw is unreachable; verify via the PLOS paper.
BATMAN-TCM 2.0
Known and predicted TCM ingredient–target protein interactions, with greatly expanded TTI coverage and target-to-ingredient search.
SymMap 2.0
Herb–TCM symptom–modern symptom–ingredient–target–disease maps, expanded with newer pharmacopoeia records and downloadable relationship tables.
HERB 2.0
Evidence-centered TCM resource integrating clinical trials, meta-analyses, high-throughput experiments, literature, and a knowledge graph.
ETCM 2.0
Encyclopedia of TCM formulas, patent drugs, materia medica, and ingredients with target prediction and multi-scale networks; v1 site remains online.
TCM-ID
NUS BIDD formula–herb–ingredient–target resource covering pharmacopoeia, classical, and CFDA-approved prescriptions; not the same database as TCMID 2.0.
TCMID 2.0
Integrative formula–herb–ingredient–target database (distinct from NUS TCM-ID). Original megabionet site is down; verify via Zenodo extract and the NAR paper.
TCMSP
Herb–ingredient–target–disease networks with ADME parameters; public site is TCMSP 2.3 with downloadable relationship tables.
TCM-QG
About 5,000 TCM documents and 13,000 question-answer pairs from CHIP2020, for knowledge-base expansion and question generation (CC BY-SA 4.0).
TCM-PD
Yao et al. TKDE 2018 prescription topic-model set (98,334 raw / 33,765 processed symptom–herb ID pairs). CKCEST copyright, research use only. PresRecST's prescript_1195.csv is a reproduction table.
TCM-Lung
Pulmonary-disease cases from FAH-HUCM (14,948 processed; 4,484 encoded public rows of symptom/syndrome/method/prescription IDs). Full names on request. Not the same resource as TCMNSCLC.
TCM-SD
First large public TCM syndrome-differentiation text benchmark (54,152 real records, 148 syndromes, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Full set is in the repo folder TCM_SD_with_knowledge; Tianchi id 139034.
TCM-NER
1,997 Chinese-medicine package inserts with 59,803 entities in 13 types for building a medication knowledge graph (OpenKG / CHIP, CC BY-SA 4.0).
TCM_KG
ChatMed knowledge graph.
TCM-MKG
TCM multi-dimensional knowledge graph.
LingShu（灵枢知识图谱）
Symptom-centric contextual KG bridging TCM and biomedicine (~17.33M entities, ~39.47M relations including triples and contextual quadruples), with a portal for visualization, reasoning, and evidence-grounded QA.
OpenTCM-KG
OpenTCM gynecology classics KG (~48k entities / ~152k relations).
TCMNSCLC
Real-world NSCLC TCM reasoning dataset with fully annotated cases (pattern differentiation / treatment method / decoction / patent medicine).
ChP-TCM
KnowledgeQA and PrescriptionWriting instructions built from Chinese Pharmacopoeia Vol. I.
Traditional-Chinese-Medicine-Dataset-SFT
High-quality TCM supervised fine-tuning dataset.
TCMChat-dataset-600k
TCMChat herbal QA and recommendation instruction data (~600k).
TCM-Instruction-Tuning-ShizhenGPT
ShizhenGPT multimodal SFT data (text/vision/speech/ECG etc.; ~311k items total per paper Table 3).
ShenNong_TCM_Dataset
ShenNong TCM instruction dataset.
MedChatZH
MedChatZH TCM consultation dataset.
ChatMed_Consult_Dataset
Chinese online medical consult dataset (500k+ consults with ChatGPT replies).
CMtMedQA
ZhongJing real multi-turn doctor–patient dialogues (~70k).
Baize-TCM-Corpus-V3
~157k TCM QA items covering theory, herbs, formulas, diagnosis, acupuncture, and clinic.
neijing-sft-v1.2
~2,009 Neijing-related instruction samples for Xinghe, with thinking/output fields.
TCM-Text-Exams
Recent TCM licensure / graduate-exam text benchmark.
Medical-LLMs-Chinese-Exam
Chinese medical exam evaluation for medical LLMs.
ZhongJing-OMNI
ZhongJing-OMNI multimodal TCM eval (including tongue).
TCMEval-SDT
TCMEval-SDT: a benchmark of 300 syndrome-diagnosis cases (web, classical texts, hospital records) for evaluating TCM syndrome-differentiation reasoning, with FAIR metadata (Sci. Data 2025).
TCMBench
TCMBench: a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating LLMs in traditional Chinese medicine (arXiv 2024).
TCM-Vision-Benchmark
TCM vision benchmark (herb recognition / inspection, ~7k items).
TCM-Tongue
6,719 standardized tongue images with 20-class multi-label pathology annotations and detection baselines.
TCM-Ladder
TCM-Ladder: a multimodal QA benchmark for comprehensively evaluating TCM multimodal LLMs on real-world tasks (arXiv 2025).
TCM-Eval
Dynamic, extensible TCM evaluation platform.
TCM-BEST4SDT
Case benchmark for syndrome differentiation and treatment.
TCM-5CEval
Five-dimension deep TCM evaluation suite.
TCM-3CEval
Three-axis eval: core knowledge, classics, clinical decisions.
MTCMB
MTCMB dataset: a multi-task TCM benchmark covering knowledge, reasoning and safety, 12 subsets with ~7,100 samples (arXiv 2025).
HWTCMBench
HWTCMBench TCM capability evaluation set.
TCMEval-PA
328 multiple-choice items on prescription normative quality and safety auditing.
TCM-AQA61
Dual-view acupuncture and Tuina action-quality videos from 61 subjects each (first- and third-person), with expert categorical and continuous ratings; paired with the CME-AQA cross-view multimodal assessment framework.
LingLan
LingLan large multi-task TCM evaluation benchmark (2026).
ChiMed 2.0
Upgraded Chinese medical pretraining dataset covering TCM corpora for LLM pretraining.
classical-tcm-canon
Full-text digitizations of the TCM canon: Neijing, Nanjing, Shanghan Lun, Jingui Yaolue and warm-disease classics.
Traditional-Chinese-Medicine-Dataset-Pretrain
High-quality TCM pretraining dataset from non-Internet sources (~1GB; clinical cases, classics, encyclopedia), 99% simplified Chinese.
TCM-Pretrain-Data-ShizhenGPT
ShizhenGPT pretraining corpus (15B+ tokens reported in the paper — Stage-1 text 11.92B incl. 6.3B TCM, plus Stage-2 multimodal ~3.6B).
TCM-Ancient-Books
A corpus of nearly 700 TCM ancient-book texts.
awesome_Chinese_medical_NLP
Curated list of Chinese medical NLP resources: terminologies, corpora, word vectors, pretrained models, KGs, NER and QA (incl. CBLUE).
CPM中成药数据集
Living large-scale public Chinese patent medicine data accompanying RAG-CPMF.